2种刷毛的电动牙刷对菌斑清除功效及釉质磨损的影响

The effects of two bristled power toothbrushes on plaque removal efficiency and abrasion of enamel

目的:研究硬软毛刷头电动牙刷对牙面菌斑清除功效及对牙面磨损的影响。方法:培养变异链球菌(S.mutans)与内氏放线菌(A.naeslundii)于牛牙釉质磨片形成双菌种生物膜后,样本分为4组(n=3),分别采用电动牙刷+尼龙丝刷头组,电动牙刷+纳米软胶刷头组,手动牙刷组接触式清除,结晶紫吸附实验计算各组菌斑生物膜去除量。磨损实验中实验组釉质磨片分别经两组电动牙刷接触式处理1h后,与对照组置于扫描电镜下观察表面形貌。采用单因素方差分析进行统计分析。结果:电动尼龙丝刷头组生物膜去除量(0.45±0.02)与纳米软胶刷头(0.44±0.03)均大于手动牙刷组(0.25±0.02)(t=6.31,P<0.01;t=5.13,P<0.01)。而两电动牙刷组菌斑生物膜去除量差距无统计学意义(t=0.35,P=0.75)。磨损实验显示:牙刷刷毛硬度越大,造成釉质表面的凹陷越大越深越多,表面形态越粗糙。结论:在体外模型中,不同硬度刷毛的电动牙刷在菌斑清除功效上没有明显差异;使用硬度较小的软毛电动牙刷刷牙对釉质的磨损较轻。

Objective: To investigate the effect of hard and soft brush head power toothbrush on tooth surface plaque removal and the abrasion of power toothbrush on tooth surface. Methods: S.mutans and A.naeslundii were cultivated to form a double species biofilm on bovine enamel ground discs. The samples for plaque removal tests were divided into 4 groups(n=3): the biofim of the samples was treated by contact removal with nylon silk head power toothbrush, nano soft rubber head power toothbrush, traditional manual toothbrush groups and the control samples without any treatment, respectively. Biofilm removal was observed by crystal violet staining method. In abrasion test, another 2 pieces of ground disc contact-treated with 2 kinds of electric toothbrushes for 1 h, as well as untreated samples, were observed under the SEM. Data were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA. Results: The biofilm removal of nylon silk head power toothbrush(0.45±0.02)and nano soft rubber head power toothbrush groups(0.44±0.03) were greater than that biofilm removal of traditional manual toothbrush group(0.25±0.02)(t=6.31, P<0.01 and t=5.13, P<0.01 respectively). However, There was no significant difference in the biofilm removal between the 2 electric toothbrush groups(t=0.35, P=0.75). Abrasion test showed that the power toothbrush with hard bristles resulted in deeper surface depression and rough surface morphology. Conclusion: In an in vitro model, 2 power toothbrushes with different hardness bristles have similar plaque removal efficiency. A power toothbrush with softer bristles is less abrasive to the enamel.