宁河区2015-2019年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Ninghe District in 2015-2019

目的了解天津市宁河区2015-2019年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为控制其流行提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析天津市宁河区2015-2019年《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的流行性腮腺炎病例资料。结果2015-2019年天津市宁河区累计报告流行性腮腺炎208例,年平均发病率为8.22/10万,2015-2018年发病率逐年上升,2019年稍有下降。发病病例主要集中在城镇地区。4-9月份为发病高峰,病例主要集中≦15岁年龄组,占报告病例总数的79.81%;男女性别比为1.48:1;148例病例曾接种过含流腮成分疫苗。结论托幼儿童、小学生是流行性腮腺炎的多发人群,应加强托幼机构、小学流行性腮腺炎的疾病监测工作,严格执行入园入学查验预防接种证,建议对≥5岁儿童开展含流腮成分疫苗的加强免疫,提高并维持高水平2剂次的接种率。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Ninghe District of Tianjin in 2015-2019,and to provide the scientific basis for controlling the epidemic situation of the disease.Methods The data of mumps cases in Ninghe District of Tianjin in 2015-2019,which were reported by the disease surveillance information reporting management system,were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method.Results A Total of 208 mumps cases were reported in Ninghe District of Tianjin in 2015-2019,with the average annual incidence rate of 8.22 per 100000 population.The incidence rate increased in 2015-2018 years,and the incidence rate decreased slightly in 2019.The cases were mainly concentrated in urban areas.The peak season appeared April to September.The cases were mainly concentrated in the age group≤15 years old,accounting for 79.81%of the total reported cases.The male-to-female ratio was 1.48:1.Among cases,148 cases had been vaccinated with mumps containing vaccine(MuCV).Conclusion Nursery children and pupils were still the prone crowd of mumps,so it is necessary to strengthen the mumps surveillance in kindergarten and primary schools,strictly implement the school entrance inspection of vaccination certificate.It was suggested that we should strengthen the immunization of children aged≥5 years old with mumps component vaccine,and improve and maintain the high level of twice vaccination rate.