农业农村政策演变中的三类转型:欧盟经验对我国实践的启示

Three Types of Transformation in the Evolution of Agricultural and Rural Policies:Implications of EU Experiences for China’s Practice

中国在探寻实现乡村振兴的理论指引和实践路径中,可借鉴欧盟在实施共同农业政策中的转型和成功经验。欧盟意识到侧重农业生产的单一发展、依赖外部资源的投资开发和自上而下的政府干预会导致农业农村的失衡发展以及本地资源利用和公众参与的边缘化。因此,在共同农业政策改革中转向了政策目标的综合定位、发展模式的内外结合和本地参与的社区治理,以此实现农村地区的智慧性、可持续和包容性发展。我国落实乡村振兴战略也应有赖于聚焦当地的地区方法,即结合当地的自然与人文资源禀赋,鼓励当地农民积极参与来挖掘发展潜能,以实现乡村振兴和经济社会融合发展。

During the exploration of the theoretical guidance and practice approaches to achieve rural revitalization,China can draw on EU’s experiences of transformation and success in implementing its common agricultural policies.EU is aware that placing emphasis on the development of agricultural production as a single priority and relying on the investment and exploitation from external resources and the top-down government intervention will lead to the imbalanced agricultural and rural development,as well as the marginalization of local resource utilization and public participation.Therefore,its reform of the common agricultural policies has shifted to the integrated positioning of the policy goals,the combination of exogenous and endogenous development models and the community governance participated by the local people,so as to achieve the intelligent,sustainable and inclusive development at rural areas.To carry out the rural vitalization strategy,China should also depend on the regional approach that focus on the local,i.e.,to combine the local natural and human resource endowment and to encourage the local farmers to actively participate and explore the potential for development,so as to achieve the integrative development of rural?vitalization and economic society.