近69年来潍坊市气温变化特征分析

Analysis on the Characteristics of Temperature Change in Weifang City in Recent 69 Years

利用潍坊市潍坊站1951—2019年的最低气温、最高气温、平均最低气温、平均最高气温和平均气温数据,研究近69年来潍坊市气温变化的特征。结果表明,近69年来潍坊市最低气温呈线性增温的趋势,倾向率为0.52℃/10 a,但最高气温却呈线性降温的趋势,倾向率为-0.10℃/10 a,二者的变化趋势存在明显的非对称性变化特征,并且最低气温的上升趋势大于最高气温的下降趋势,但最低气温的标准差比较大,具有较大的年际波动变化。潍坊市平均最低气温和平均最高气温皆有上升的变动趋势,倾向率分别为0.32和0.14℃/10 a,二者存在着不完全同步变化的特征。平均气温表现为逐年升高的变化特征,倾向率为0.27℃/10 a;4个季节的平均气温皆是逐年上升的变化特征,春季平均气温升高趋势最显著,其次为冬季,夏季和秋季最不显著。平均气温、最低气温、最高气温、平均最低气温和平均最高气温皆在某些年份存在气温突变。

Based on the data of minimum temperature,maximum temperature,average minimum temperature,average maximum temperature and average temperature of Weifang station from 1951 to 2019,this paper studied the characteristics of temperature change in Weifang City.The results showed that in recent 69 years,minimum temperature in Weifang had a linear warming trend,with a tendency rate of 0.52℃/10 a,but maximum temperature had a linear cooling trend,with a tendency rate of-0.10℃/10 a.The trend of temperature change of the two had obvious asymmetric characteristics,and the rising trend of minimum temperature was greater than the falling trend of maximum temperature,but standard deviation of minimum temperature was larger,with a larger interannual fluctuation.The trend of average maximum temperature and average maximum temperature in Weifang City were rising,and the tendency rates were 0.32 and 0.14℃/10 a,which were not completely synchronous.Average temperature showed the characteristics of increasing year by year,with a tendency rate of 0.27℃/10 a.Average temperature of four seasons was the characteristics of increasing year by year also.The tendency rate in spring was the largest,followed in winter,then in summer and in autumn.Average temperature,minimum temperature,maximum temperature,average minimum temperature and average maximum temperature all had abrupt temperature change in some years.