论乡村振兴背景下农民组织化的机制——基于下围村五年的纵向调查

Discussion on the Mechanism of Villagers Organization under the Background of Rural Revitalization:Based on a Five-Year Longitudinal Survey of Xiawei Village

新时代农民组织化问题是乡村振兴战略实践中的主体建构问题,是战略顺利实施的基本前提。广州下围村通过创新农民组织化机制,依靠本村的力量迅速驱动乡村振兴的全面展开,取得了卓越的成效。利用长达五年的跟踪调查资料,采用土地经营-社情民意-治理组织的分析框架,研究发现农地集体所有制下“三权”分置制度形成的农民与村集体的利益联结为农民组织化提供了必要条件,而农民集体价值诉求的觉醒与组织化行动纲领的形成,在合作社共同体内推选村民代表,使用“互联网+”新技术建构虚拟村民议事厅,激活农民群体的纵向与横向地域性社会联结。以扩大化的村民代表会议为平台,重塑村委会与村民代表会议的决议与执行关系,开放性搭建多元组织主体共同协商与村民代表独享决议权的有机统一机制,通过组织身份、参会权限与会议空间三合一方式形成农民组织化的稳定机制,这是下围村农民组织化机制的主要内容。

The reorganization of villagers in the new era is the construction of the main body of the rural revitalization strategy and the basic premise for the smooth implementation of the strategy.Through the mechanism of reorganizing the villagers,Xiawei Village relied on the strength of the village itself instead of external investment,and quickly promoted the village s rural revitalization in an all-round way,achieving excellent performance and gaining recognition from the local and central governments.With the use of the five years of tracking survey data,and the use of land management-public opinion-analysis of the governance organization framework,the long-term tracking research shows that the connection between farmers and village collective interests formed by the three-power separation system under the collective farmland ownership system provides the basic conditions for the reorganization of villagers in the new era.And it also establishes the value goal of maximizing the public interest of the village,uses the mobile Internet technology to open the collective channel of the returning villagers,selects the village representatives according to the small-scale agricultural cooperative unit,and constructs the new representative and authorization relationship between the village representatives and the villagers.With the villagers representative conference representing the highest public interest of the village,we can rationalize the power relations between the villagers representative conference and the leadership and decision-making authority of the village s“two committees”,and openly build the multi-organizational action subjects in the rural field with the villagers representative conference as the platform.The democratic negotiation decision-making system is the main content of reorganizing the villagers in the new era.