社会资本对农户宅基地退出行为的影响——基于安徽省金寨县的调研数据

Effect of Social Capital on Farmers’Behavior of Quitting Rural Residential Land:A Case of 606 Farmers’Samples in Jinzhai County,Anhui Province

农村宅基地退出对于提高宅基地集约利用水平、改善农户生活环境以及推动新型城镇化战略具有重要现实意义。社会资本作为农户拥有的社会结构资源,能够通过农户的合理利用为其获得所需的物质或情感支持,并在宅基地退出中发挥不容忽视的作用。论文基于宅基地退出试点区安徽省金寨县606户农户的微观调查数据,采用Probit模型,在利用工具变量法处理社会资本内生性问题的基础上,实证分析了社会资本对农户宅基地退出行为的影响。研究发现:社会资本对农户宅基地退出行为具有重要影响;社会网络、社会信任和社会参与对农户退出宅基地均有显著正向影响,且其强弱程度由强到弱依次为社会参与、社会信任和社会网络;社会信任在社会网络、社会参与对农户宅基地退出行为影响中均具有增强性的调节作用;控制变量中,家庭总收入、宅基地是否确权对农户宅基地退出行为有显著的正向影响,而性别、年龄、家庭人口数和宅基地面积则具有显著的负向影响。最后,提出积极组织农村文化活动和生产互助活动、搭建农村社区内部信息共享平台、创新农户增收新途径等建议。

The behavior of quitting rural residential land has important practical significance for improving the intensive utilization of rural residential land,improving the living environment of farmers and promoting the new urbanization strategy.Social capital,as a social structure resource owned by farmers,can obtain the material or emotional support needed by farmers through their rational use,and its role in quitting rural residential land cannot be ignored.Based on the micro-samples of 606 households in Jinzhai County,Anhui Province,the paper uses Probit model to analyze empirically the effect of social capital on farmers’rural residential land quitting behavior by an instrumental variable method to deal with endogenous problems of social capital.The conclusions showed,social capital has an important influence on farmers’behavior of quitting rural residential land.Social network,social trust and social participation have significant positive effects simultaneously on farmers’behavior of quitting rural residential land,in which the strength order of influencing farmers’behavior of quitting rural residential land is social participation,social trust and social networks respectively from strong to weak.The elasticity coefficient of social network is 0.240,the elasticity coefficient of social trust is 0.930,and the elasticity coefficient of social participation is 1.186.Social trust plays a regulatory role in enhancing the influence of social network and social participation on farmers’behavior of quitting rural residential land.Among the control variables,the total family income and whether the right of rural residential land is confirmed have significant positive effects on farmers’behavior of quitting rural residential land,gender,age,family population and the area of rural residential land have significant negative effects.Finally,some countermeasures,organizing actively rural cultural activities and production mutual assistance activities,building an internal information sharing platform in rural communities,and innovating new ways to increase farmers’income,were put forward.