广东省家庭医生式服务试点地区居民健康行为及影响因素分析

Analysis of Health Behavior Mode of Residents and Its Influencing Factors in the Pilot Area of General Practitioner Contract Service in Guangdong Province

目的了解广东省家庭医生式服务试点地区居民健康行为及影响因素,为开展健康教育提供依据。方法2015年7—10月抽样选取1010名家庭医生式服务试点地区居民进行问卷调查,以吸烟、饮酒、早餐、吃水果、锻炼及睡眠等6项行为为调查内容,同时选用P-CAT量表测量基层医疗服务质量。结果6项行为方式共赋值12分,被调查者平均得分(8.72±0.65)分,得分从高到低依次为吃早餐、限酒、不吸烟、体育锻炼、吃水果和睡眠。多重线性回归分析结果显示:女性、已婚或慢性病患者的健康行为优于各对应组;收入对健康行为有正面影响;基层医疗服务可及性、服务提供综合性对健康行为有正向影响。结论试点地区居民整体健康行为较好。健康教育和健康促进应聚焦于合理膳食、锻炼及睡眠等健康行为;男性、单身或离异及低收入群体是重点关注的对象;提高基层医疗服务可及性和服务提供综合性有利于促进居民的健康行为。

OBJECTIVE To acquaint with the health behavior of residents and its influencing factors in the pilot area of General practitioner contract service in Guangdong province,providing evidence to health education.METHODS A total of 1010 residents were selected for a questionnaire survey from July to October 2015.6 behaviors,including smoking,drinking,breakfast,eating fruits,exercise and sleep,were selected as the survey contents,and P-CAT scale were selected to measure primary health service quality.RESULTS A total of 12 points were given for 6 behavioral,the average score of respondents was(8.72±0.65).The scores from high to low were for breakfast,alcohol control and non-smoking,physical exercises,fruit,and sleep.The multiple linear regression analysis resulted that the health behaviors of female,married or patients with chronic diseases were better than their corresponding groups.The group with higher income level had higher scores in health behavior.Residents access to primary health services and comprehensive evaluation of service provision had positive effects on health behaviors.CONCLUSION The overall health behavior of residents in the pilot areas was well.Health education and health promotion should be targeted on healthy behaviors such as reasonable diet,exercise and sleep.Groups such as men,single or divorced,lower-income should be concerned.Improving the accessibility of primary health services and the comprehensiveness of service delivery were conducive to promote residents’health behaviors.