某三甲医院老年住院患者疾病构成和住院费用分析

Analysis on Disease Composition and Hospitalization Cost of the Elderly Inpatients in a Tertiary Hospital

目的研究2014—2018年期间山西省某三甲医院老年住院病人的疾病构成情况,把握老年人疾病发生发展规律和医疗保健需求,为老年人的疾病预防决策提供依据。方法搜集某三甲医院2014—2018年住院病人的病案首页信息,使用SPSS软件对获取的的数据进行分析。结果在2014—2018年老年住院病人中,前3位的系统疾病依次为循环系统疾病(24.64%)、肿瘤(16.89%)和呼吸系统疾病(11.18%)。平均住院日前3位依次为精神和行为障碍疾病(17.84天)、肿瘤(14.93天)和起源于围生期的某些情况类(14.5天),平均住院费用前3位依次为起源于围生期的某些情况类疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病及肿瘤。在60~89岁住院病人中,疾病构成中频数最多的均为循环系统疾病,在90~109岁住院病人中,疾病构成中频数最多的是呼吸系统疾病。疾病顺位上升趋向较显著的是肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素类疾病。男性和女性老年患者疾病顺位前3位均为循环系统疾病、肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病。结论影响60岁及以上人群健康的主要疾病为循环系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病、肿瘤及呼吸系统疾病,应针对老年人疾病的构成特点,实施切实可行的医保政策。

OBJECTIVE To study the constitution of the patients aged 60 years and over from 2014 to 2018,to master the law of development and health care of the elderly,and to provide the basis for the prevention and decision of the elderly.METHODS The information of the first page of medical records of 2014 to 2018 years inpatients in a tertiary hospital was collected,and the data obtained by SPSS were analyzed.RESULTS Among the elderly hospitalized patients from 2014 to 2018,the top 3 system diseases ranged as circulatory system disease(24.64%),tumor(16.89%) and respiratory system disease(11.18%).The top 3 of average hospitalization days were as followed:mental and behavioral disorders(17.84 days),tumor(14.93 days),and perinatal period(14.5 days).The top 3 of average number of hospitalization costs included the perinatal diseases,musculoskeletal systems and connective tissue diseases and tumors.Among the 60~89 years old hospitalized patients,the most frequent diseases were circulatory diseases.Among the 90~109 years old hospitalized patients,respiratory disease was the most frequent disease.The upward trend of the disease was more obvious in the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases,respiratory diseases,digestive diseases,health status and factors associated with health care.The top 3 diseases of male and female elderly patients were circulatory system diseases,tumors and respiratory diseases.CONCLUSION The main diseases affecting the health of the people aged 60 and above were circulatory disease,musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disease,tumor and respiratory system disease.It needed to carry out practical policy in accordance with the characteristics of the diseases of the elderly.