新一轮电力体制改革五周年观察:主要进展与争论焦点

Observation on the Fifth Anniversary of the New Round of Power System Reform:Main Progress and Controversy

党的十八大指出,我国经济体制改革的核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系。新一轮电力体制改革按照“管住中间、放开两头”的体制构架,以“三放开、一独立、一深化、三强化”为改革要点,着力加快构建有效竞争的市场结构和市场体系。然而,电力商品的系统性特点,往往使电力市场改革问题过于系统庞大、复杂和具有一定程度的不可预见性,即使有最好的初衷和最好的执行,改革过程中也有很多方面可能会出错,造成改革预期与实践探索的不一致,进而引发改革路径选择和优先秩序安排正确与否的争论。在电力改革推进五周年之际,本文对我国电力市场改革的进展与争议进行了全面评估与总结反思,以期重新聚焦改革目标方向和形成进一步深化改革的行动共识,使电力市场改革继续朝着正确的目标方向前进。

The 18th national congress of the communist party of China points out that the core issue of China’s economic reforming is to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market.In line with the institutional framework of“regulating the middle and releasing the two ends”,through the reforming points of“three liberalization,one independence,one deepening and three strengthening”,the new round of electric power system reform is striving to accelerate the construction of an effective competitive power market structure.However,the systematic characteristic of power commodity tends to make the reform of power market too large,complex and unpredictability.In other words,good intention leads to bad result is so common in the process of power reform,which causing the debate over whether reform path selection and arrangement of the priority order is correct or not.On the fifth anniversary of the power reform,in order to make sure the market reform continue to move in the right direction,the paper makes a comprehensive assessment and reviews on the progress and disputes of power reform.