采煤塌陷区生态修复技术研究进展

Ecological restoration technologies in coal-mining subsidence area:A review

利用CiteSpace软件梳理当前国内外采煤塌陷研究热点,对国外侧重于矿区环境评价、回填材料更新和地表形态变化等研究,并对我国采煤塌陷区生态修复技术进行分类与评价。现有采煤塌陷区生态修复技术包括:1)土壤重构与地貌重塑技术。该技术从充填材料、土壤重构方式和修复理念上不断创新,未来技术研究向更为高效、绿色和经济转变。2)土壤修复技术。未来应不断扩展复合菌种的筛选与匹配、微生物修复生态风险评价、微生物-植物联合修复技术等研究。3)景观重建技术。该技术模式多样,亟需体系化、全域化和模式化的景观重建技术研究与推广。针对当前研究不足,采煤塌陷区生态修复应在理论研究、创新联合修复手段和修复后监测技术等方面进行改善。

This study sorted out the research hotspots of coal-mining subsidence by CiteSpace software:Foreign countries focus on the mining area environmental assessment,backfill material update and surface morphological changesthe ecological restoration technologies in this field in China are classified and evaluated.1)Soil reconstruction and geomorphology remodeling technology.The technology continues to innovate from filling materials,soil remodeling methods,and restoration concepts,and the technology research will shift to more efficient,green,and economical in the future.2)Soil remediation technology.In the future,it should continuously expand the screening and matching of composite strains,microbial remediation ecological risk assessment and plant-microbe associated bioremediation technology.3)Landscape reconstruction technology.The model of this technology is diverse,and it is urgent to promote the landscape reconstruction technology to be more systematic,global,and modular.In view of the shortcomings of the current research,the ecological restoration of coal-mining subsidence area should be improved in the theoretical research,innovative joint repair methods and post-repair monitoring technology.