塔吉克斯坦卡什卡尔墓地2018年调查发掘简报

Preliminary Report on the Survey and Excavation of the Kaskar Cemetery in Tadzhikistan in 2018

2018年9~10月,中塔联合考古队调查了位于塔吉克斯坦哈特隆州西南部的贝希肯特谷地,新发现并发掘了卡什卡尔墓地。该墓地可分为4个地点(Ⅰ~Ⅳ),共有50座墓葬,地表多有椭圆形石封堆。发掘的4座墓葬有2座为竖穴土坑,坑内人骨为二次扰乱葬或迁葬,还有1座纳骨葬,1座瓮棺葬。墓葬年代为公元前2~前1世纪,属希腊化—月氏时期,墓主人可能是当地的土著居民。

The Sino-Tadzhikistan collaborative archaeology team conducted a survey in the Beshkent valley,which is to the southwest of Khatlon Province,in September and October 2018.In this fieldwork,the archaeology team discovered the kaskar cemetery,and conducted an excavation at the site.The entire cemetery consists of four locations(nos.I-IV)and includes a total of 50 burials.Most of them were covered with oval-shaped stone mounds.Among the four excavated tombs,two were shaft-pit tombs and belonged to secondary or reinter burials.In addition,one ossuary pit and one urn burial were found.All these tombs should date from the second century BCE to the first century BCE,i.e.,the Hellenistic-Yuezhi period,and belonged to the indigenous population.