秦汉朝那湫渊遗址与万年以来东海子气候变迁

On the Chaona Qiuyuan Site of the Qin-Han Periods and the Climatic Change of Donghaizi in the Past Tenthousand Years

今宁夏固原东南的东海子,根据考古调查和古代文献记载应是秦汉朝那湫渊遗址。东海子是一天然湖泊,很可能北方游牧部族占据该区域后在湖泊周边举行某种祭祀活动。秦人据有这一区域后,祭祀的规模扩大、等级提高,被称为朝那湫渊。著名的《诅楚文》碑就被投于此处。唐宋时期朝那湫渊干旱求雨的习俗得到承袭,建庙树碑。现代考古学的调查不但使我们有机会观察两千多年以来人类活动遗存,也了解到近万年来以东海子为中心的区域气候信息,两者结合可以揭示古人祭祀地点的选择与环境之间的关系。

According to archaeological surveys and textual records,Donghaizi,which is located in present-day southeastern Guyuan,Ningxia,should be the Chaona Qiuyuan site of the Qin-Han periods.Originally,Donghaizi was a natural pond,and might have been occupied by pastoral-nomadic groups for holding sacrificial rituals on the lakeshore.After the Qin took over the area,the scale of sacrificial rituals was expanded,and the site was renamed as Chaona Qiuyuan.The well-known‘Zuchuwen(Cursing the Chu)’stele was also buried in the area.After the Tang-Song periods,the rituals of praying for rain were continued,which had been recorded by steles and temples nearby.The modern archaeological investigation provides us a glimpse into the palaeo-climatic information surrounding Donghaizi and illustrates the relationship between the selection of sacrificial locations and the environment.