清季重商思想新论

New Thought of Mercantilism in Qing Dynasty

第二次鸦片战争以后的洋务运动代表着工业化开始成为中国经济发展的主题,从这一时期开始,以农为本、重农抑商的思想开始松动,转而出现的是国家机关对商业的关注和精英阶层对西方商业意识形态的学习和接受度。甲午战后随着清政府放宽对民间设厂的限制,重商思想完全取代重农思想,成为社会发展的主流思想。虽然这一时期古典政治经济学已经在西方流行开来,但重商思想在当时的中国仍具有生命力,它的形成和传播对于近代中国来说有着特殊的历史原因,同时也被赋予了特殊的历史使命。

The Westernization Movement started after the second Opium War represented that industrialization began to become the theme of China’s economic development.From this period on,the thought of taking agriculture as the foundation and attaching importance to agriculture and restraining commerce began to decline.Instead,state organs paid attention to commerce and elites learned and accepted western commercial ideology.After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,with the Qing government’s loosened restrictions on the establishment of private factories,mercantilism completely replaced the agricultural thought and became the mainstream of social development.Although classical political economy had been popular in the West during this period,the thought of mercantilism still had vitality in China at that time.Its formation and dissemination had special historical reasons for modern China,and it was also given a special historical mission.