制度移植与技术引进——全面抗战前四川省建设厅蚕业改良研究

Institutional Transplantation and Technology Import:the study of the Improvement of Sericulture by Sichuan Provincial Construction Department before China’s Resistance War against Japan

20世纪30年代初,四川的传统蚕桑业生产面临前所未有的危机与困局。为了拯救危机中的四川蚕业,川政统一后担任四川省建设厅厅长的卢作孚委托蚕桑专家尹良莹,以江浙地区为师,通过制度移植与技术引进的方式在短时间内建立起了以四川蚕桑改良场为核心的蚕桑改良与推广体系,为蚕丝的大规模机器化生产提供充足的合格原料,重振四川的生丝出口贸易,拯救濒临破产的四川农村经济。在各方的共同努力下,这些措施取得了初步成效,并最终将原料茧的质量与数量置于政府的控制与监督之中,为抗战爆发后国民政府全面统制四川蚕桑业奠定了基础。

In the early 1930s,Sichuan’s traditional sericulture industry faced unprecedented crises.After the Unification of Sichuan government,in order to save the sericulture industry in Sichuan in crisis,Lu Zuofu,who was just been the director of the Construction Department of Sichuan,invited Yin Liangying,a sericulture expert,with Jiangsu and Zhejiang as a base,to establish a system of sericulture improvement and popularization with Sichuan sericulture improvement farm as the core in a short time by means of system transplantation and technology introduction.The ultimate goal was to put the quality and quantity of raw silk cocoons under the control and supervision of the government,to provide sufficient qualified raw materials for large-scale mechanized production of silk,to revive the export trade of raw silk in Sichuan,and to save the rural economy of Sichuan which is on the verge of bankruptcy.With the joint efforts of all parties,these measures had achieved initial results,but also laid a foundation for the national government to control the sericulture industry in Sichuan after the outbreak of China’s Resistance War Against Japan.