苏北沂沭河流域水利建设资源的重置(1800—1965)——以水稻种植进退为视角的考察

Reset of Water Resources in the Yishu River Basin in Northern Jiangsu Province(1800—1965):Investigation from the Perspective of Rice Planting

晚清以降,苏北沂沭河流域洪涝灾害频发。当地进行的水利建设主要以疏浚河道为目标,水利治理方针也以增加下游河道的行洪能力为主要目的。然而,晚清民国时期,苏北沂沭河流域的洪涝灾害并未得到缓解。苏北沂沭河流域的农业生产也从传统的水旱混作区,转变为单一的旱作农业区。当地水稻种植面积快速下降,濒于消亡。新中国成立后,沂沭河流域的水利建设转变为排蓄结合,注重对上游洪水的防治、利用。当地的水资源利用环境得到改善,水稻重新成为苏北沂沭河流域的重要粮食作物。

From the late Qing Dynasty,floods occurred frequently in the Yishu River Basin in northern Jiangsu Province.The local water conservancy construction was mainly aimed at dredging the river.The main purpose of water management was to increase the ability of downstream rivers to pass floods.However,the floods in the Yishu River Basin in the Northern Jiangsu during the late Qing Dynasty did not ease.The agricultural production in the Yishu River Basin in the north of Jiangsu Province had also changed from a traditional water-dry mixed area to a single dry farming area.The area of rice planted in the area had also declined rapidly,and it has died out.After the founding of People’s Republic of China,the water conservancy construction in the Yishu River Basin was transformed into a combination of drainage and storage,focusing on the prevention and utilization of upstream floods.The local water resource utilization environment has been improved,and rice has once again become an important food crop in the Yishu River Basin in northern Jiangsu Province.