大棚甜瓜枯萎病病原鉴定及其生物学特性

Pathogen Identification and Biological Characteristics of Muskmelon Fusarium Wilt in Greenhouse

为甜瓜枯萎病的预防与防治提供理论依据,以宁波大棚栽培典型甜瓜枯萎病病株为试材,采用组织分离法结合科赫氏法则(Koch’s postulates)、形态学观察及rDNA-ITS区序列检测等方法,研究大棚甜瓜枯萎病病原菌及其生物学特性。结果表明:甜瓜枯萎病病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),回接甜瓜后发病症状与自然发病症状基本一致;其在15~30℃生长良好,在pH 5.0~10.0培养基上均可生长且无显著差异;菌落生长最佳碳氮源分别为葡萄糖、硝酸钠及甘氨酸;分生孢子致死温度为52℃10 min。

The pathogenic bacteria and biological characteristics of typical diseased plant infected with muskmelon Fusarium wilt in greenhouse of Ningbo are studied combining tissue isolation method with Koch’s postulates,morphological observation and rDNA-ITS region sequence detection to provide the theoretical basis for prevention and control of muskmelon Fusarium wilt.Result:The pathogenic bacteria of muskmelon Fusarium wilt is identified as Fusarium oxysporum.The disease symptom of inoculating F.oxysporum into muskmelon is consistent with natural disease symptom.F.oxysporum grows well at 15-30℃and grows at medium with pH 5.0-10.0,and there is no obvious difference in colony size.The optimum carbon and nitrogen source for bacteria colony growth are glucose,sodium nitrate and glycine.The lethal temperature of conidia is 52℃for 10 min.