外泌体介导血管平滑肌细胞钙化的研究进展

Advances in the study of exosomal mediated calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells

外泌体(exosome)是由细胞内分泌到细胞外的纳米级别的基质囊泡,具有磷脂双分子层结构,内含多种细胞特异的脂质、核酸及蛋白质等,主要参与细胞间通讯、免疫调节以及细胞信号通路调节等过程。近年来,研究发现外泌体在血管平滑肌细胞钙化的发生、发展过程中发挥着重要作用。了解外泌体调节血管平滑肌细胞钙化的机制,对未来临床预防血管平滑肌细胞钙化及降低心血管疾病发生风险有重要作用。

Exosomes are nano-level matrix vesicles from cellular endocrine to extracellular level.They have a bilayer structure of phospholipids and contain a variety of cell-specific lipids,nucleic acids and proteins.They are mainly involved in the processes of cellular communication,immune regulation and cellular signal pathway regulation.In recent years,studies have found that exosomes play an important role in the occurrence and development of vascular smooth muscle cells in vascular calcification.Understanding the mechanism by which exosomes regulate vascular smooth muscle cell calcification plays an important role in preventing vascular calcification and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in the future.