药用植物分子育种研究方向探讨

Development direction of molecular breeding of medicinal plants

培育优良高抗药用植物新品种是保障优质药材生产的前提,运用现代分子生物学和遗传学技术的分子育种省时省力,能够实现快速精准育种。该文从遗传背景和育种目标等方面比较了药用植物与农作物育种特性的差异,总结了药用植物分子育种的策略,重点阐述了以高通量测序技术和目标基因挖掘为基础的四阶式育种。针对药用植物分子育种的发展现状以及面临的问题,提出当前技术条件下药用植物分子育种的最优技术途径是四阶式育种,发展方向是基因编辑育种。

To breed new varieties of medicinal plants with high resistance is the premise to ensure the production of high-quality medicinal materials.Molecular breeding using modern molecular biology and genetic technology can save time and effort and realize rapid and accurate breeding.Here we are trying to summarize the difference of breeding characteristics between medicinal plants and crops such as genetic background and breeding purpose.The strategy of molecular breeding of medicinal plants was summarized,and the four-phases breeding based on high-throughput sequencing and target gene mining was emphasized.We put forward the current molecular breeding of medicinal plants in the condition of four phases breeding is the optimal technological way of breeding,and gene editing breeding is the direction of medicinal plants breeding.