白术和4种不同来源的苍术对脾气虚大鼠的药效学比较

Comparison on Pharmacodynamics of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma from Four Different Sources on Rats with Qi Deficiency

目的:探讨茅苍术、朝鲜苍术、关苍术、北苍术和白术对采用饮食不节加力竭游泳诱导的脾气虚证大鼠模型健脾益气作用的疗效异同。方法:将80只雄性SD大鼠随机分为8组,分别为空白组、模型组、参苓白术散组、关苍术组、朝鲜苍术组、茅苍术组、北苍术组和白术组,除空白组外,其余组大鼠均采用饮食不节加力竭游泳的方法造成大鼠脾气虚模型,观察大鼠体质量增减变化、肛温变化、外观皮毛光泽度、精神活动度以及大小便的性状等变化。造模成功后,各组大鼠连续给药7 d,1次/d:阳性药参苓白术散组灌胃给药剂量为6.7 g·kg-1,其余给药组灌胃剂量为3.75 g·kg-1,正常组与模型组给予等量生理盐水。灌胃结束后称取大鼠重量,给予10%水合氯醛(4 mL·kg-1)进行麻醉后,大鼠腹主动脉取血后迅速取出脾脏和胸腺进行称重。大鼠腹主动脉取血,分离取上清液,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),干扰素-γ(IFN-γ),免疫球蛋白G(IgG),胃动素(MTL),胃泌素(GAS),血清淀粉酶(AMS),琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),过氧化氢酶(CAT),丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果:与空白组比较,模型组IgG,IL-6,TNF-α,MDA的含量明显上升(P<0.05),IFN-γ,MTL,GAS,AMS,SDH,GSH-Px,CAT,SOD的含量明显下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,参苓白术散组、关苍术组、朝鲜苍术组、茅苍术组、北苍术组和白术组均能升高脾虚偏实虚证大鼠体内IFN-γ,GAS,AMS和CAT的含量,其中朝鲜苍术组、关苍术组和茅苍术组大鼠除CAT指标外,其余指标明显上升(P<0.05);北苍术组、茅苍术组、朝鲜苍术组和关苍术组MTL含量明显上升(P<0.05);关苍术组和北苍术组SDH含量上升,差异不具有统计学意义。北苍术组GSH-Px含量明显上升(P<0.05);各给药组均能降低脾虚偏虚证大鼠体内IgG,TNF-α和MDA的含量,其中北苍术组和茅苍术组IgG含量明显下降(P<0.05);关苍术组TNF-α含量明显下降(P<0.05);北苍术组、茅苍术组、朝鲜苍术组、关苍术组和白术组的MDA含量明显下降(P<0.05);茅苍术组IL-6含量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:4种不同来源的苍术和白术对偏于虚证的脾虚大鼠均有一定的治疗作用,其中茅苍术和关苍术的治疗效果基本一致,调节偏于虚证脾虚大鼠消化系统吸收、分泌和消除炎症方面。朝鲜苍术、北苍术和白术则分别在消化系统、消化道炎症和抗氧化酶促系统方面具有一定的调节作用。此外从关苍术和白术药效学结果比较来看,与先前人们普遍认为的关苍术的功效更类似白术不完全一致,需要进行进一步研究。

Objective:The effects of Atractylodes lancea,A.coreana,A.japonica,A.chinensis and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma on spleen-Qi deficiency rats were compared.Method:A model of spleenQi deficiency was induced in rats by diet and overwork.The rats are given different suspensions of A.japonica,A.chinesis,A.coreana,A.lancea and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma To test the indicators of the digestive system,immune system and antioxidant enzyme system related to spleen deficiency.Compare the similarities and differences between Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma from four different sources.Result:All the drug-administered groups can increase the levels ofγinterferon(IFN-γ),gastric secrete element(GAS),serum amylase(AMS)and catalase(CAT)in rats with spleen-deficiency syndrome,in addition to the CAT index,the other indicators of the A.coreana,A.japonica,and A.lancea were significantly increased(P<0.05).The MTL content of the A.chinesis,A.lancea,A.coreana and A.japonica increased and was significant(P<0.05).The SDH content of A.japonica.and A.chinesis increased,and the difference was not significant.The increase of GSH-Px in the A.chinesis is significant(P<0.05).All the drugadministered groups can reduce the content of IgG,TNF-αand MDA in rats with spleen deficiency and deficiency syndrome.Among them,the IgG content of the A.chinesis.and the A.lancea was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The content of TNF-αin A.japonica group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The content of MDA in the A.chinesis,the A.lancea,the A.coreana,the A.japonica and the Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The decrease of IL-6 in the A.lancea was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Four different sources of Atractylodes Rhizome and A.macrocephala have certain therapeutic effects on spleen-deficiency rats with deficiency syndrome.The therapeutic effect of A.lancea and A.japonica is basically the same,regulating the absorption,secretion and elimination of inflammation in the digestive system of rats with spleen deficiency A.coreana,A.chinesis,and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma have certain regulatory effects in the digestive system,digestive tract inflammation,and antioxidant enzymes.