中药材红花潜叶蝇发生规律及综合防治技术研究

Occurrence regularity and integrated control of leaf miner in safflower

潜叶蝇是危害中药材红花生产的主要虫害之一,严重影响红花的产量和品质。该研究以卫红花、9个红花种质和3种化学杀虫剂为试验材料,评价红花潜叶蝇发生规律、不同红花种质抗潜叶蝇能力、3种化学杀虫剂单施和复配对红花潜叶蝇的药效。结果表明,美洲斑潜蝇和南美斑潜蝇对红花的危害占80%,且暴发高峰期为7月份;而油菜潜叶蝇危害相对较轻,爆发高峰期为6月份。不同红花种质抗潜叶蝇能力不同,其中,FQ12和YJ65兼抗3种潜叶蝇。在现蕾期用2%阿维菌素2000倍液或复配药剂(10%联苯菊酯乳油-25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂-2%阿维菌素乳油=1∶1∶1)3000倍液喷施,施药48 h后潜叶蝇致死率达96%以上。该文研究了红花潜叶蝇暴发高峰期、筛选了抗潜叶蝇红花种质和高效化学杀虫剂,为中药材红花潜叶蝇的综合防治提供理论依据和参考。

Leaf miner is one of the major pests on safflower,which causes yield loss and poor quality seriously."Weihonghua","nine safflower varieties"and"three chemical insecticides"as materials that used to evaluate variety and regularity of leaf miner,safflower resistant level,and different proportions insecticides in field efficiency test.The results showed that Liriomyza sativae and L.huidobrensis accounted for 80%,the peak period of two pests was all in July;but Phytomyza horticola is relative less,its peak period occured in June.Three were great difference of resistance to leaf miner among safflower varieties,FQ12 and YJ65 expressed higher resistibility to leaf miner by ratio method.With abamectin 2%emulsifiable concentrate diluted for 2000 times,or the mixture three insecticides(bifenthrin 20%water emulsions,thiamethoxam 25%water dispersible granule,abamectin 2%emulsifiable concentrate=1∶1∶1)diluted for 3000 times,which were sprayed on leaves at squaring stage and lethal rate was 96%after 48 h in the study.Through comparative study on the variety and regularity of leaf miner,screen for resistant varieties to leaf miner and for high efficiency pesticide.The study provides theoretical basis and reference for integrated pest management of leaf miner.