我国公务员职业行为四维结构及其影响机制

The Four-Dimensional Structure of Civil Servants’Role Behavior and Its Influence Mechanism in China

本文通过分析公务员行为及其影响机制,在中国政府组织情景中提出公务员职业行为的四个维度,即职业内增强行为、职业内减弱行为、职业外积极行为、职业外消极行为,并基于该四维结构采用实证研究方法考察了公务员组织公正感、工作满意度、人格特质对其职业行为的影响。研究发现,公务员组织公正感对职业内增强行为、职业外积极行为均有显著正向影响,对职业内减弱行为、职业外消极行为均有显著负向影响。公务员工作满意度在组织公正感影响职业行为过程中起到部分中介作用。公务员责任感人格在信息公正感与职业内减弱行为、职业外消极行为之间具有调节作用;公务员宜人性人格在信息公正感与职业内减弱行为、职业外消极行为之间具有调节作用,其在领导公正感与职业外消极行为之间具有调节作用;公务员神经质人格在程序公正感与职业外积极行为之间具有调节作用,其在领导公正感与职业外积极行为之间具有调节作用。据此提出政府部门可以通过增强组织公正感、提高工作满意度、培育服务型行政人格等方式促进新时代公务员更好地履职尽责、担当作为。

By analyzing civil servant behavior and its influence mechanism,four dimensions of civil servants’role behavior are put forward in the context of Chinese government organization,namely,strengthening in-role behavior,weakening in-role behavior,positive extra-role behavior and negative extra-role behavior.Then based on the four-dimensional structure,this paper explores the influence of civil servants’organizational justice,job satisfaction and personality trait on their role behavior by using empirical research methods.The results indicate that civil servants’organizational justice has significant positive effects on the strengthening in-role behavior and positive extra-role behavior,while it has significant negative impacts on the weakening in-role behavior and negative extra-role behavior,respectively.Civil servants’job satisfaction partially mediates the association between organizational justice and role behavior.Conscientiousness has the significant moderate effect on the relationship between information justice and weakening in-role behavior,between information justice and negative extra-role behavior,respectively.Agreeableness moderates the association between information justice and weakening in-role behavior,between information justice and negative extra-role behavior,respectively,and it has the significant moderate effect on the relationship between leader justice and negative extra-role behavior.Neuroticism has the significant moderate effect on the association between procedural justice and positive extra-role behavior,while it moderates the relation between leader justice and positive extra-role behavior.Therefore,it is suggested that government departments promote civil servants’positive behavior by enhancing organizational justice,improving job satisfaction and cultivating service-oriented administrative personality in the new era.