多元系统理论下莎剧翻译策略的选择——以《仲夏夜之梦》的三个中译本为例

The Choice of Translation Strategies of Shakespeare's Plays under the Polysystem——Take the Three Chinese Translations of A Midsummer Night's Dream as an Example

本文从埃文·佐哈尔提出的多元系统理论出发,解读梁实秋、朱生豪、方平三位译者的《仲夏夜之梦》中译本,并考察其对“归化”“异化”两种翻译策略的选择。“归化”与“异化”翻译策略历来是翻译理论家关注的学术热点。在翻译过程中,受包括多元系统在内的多重因素的影响,译者在选择这两种翻译策略时会倾向于某一种,但一般不会只择其一。可见,翻译实践和理论具有不可避免的错位性。只有把握此点,才能更好地感悟具有创造性特征的经典译文。

Based on the theory of polysystem proposed by Even Zohar,this article interprets three Chinese translations of A Midsummer Night's Dream(translated by Shiqiu Liang,Shenghao Zhu and Ping Fang)and examines their choice of two translation strategies of“domesticization”and“foreignization”.The two translation strategies have always been academic hotspots that translation theorists focus on.In the practical translation process,affected by multiple factors,including the polysystem,translators tend to choose one of these two translation strategies,but generally do not just use only one.It can be seen that translation practice and theory have an inevitable misalignment.Only by getting this point can we better understand classic literature translations with creative features.