高铁开通对工业绿色全要素生产率的影响——以长江经济带11个省份为例

Impact of High-speed Railway on Industrial Green Total Factor Productivity:A Case of 11 Provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt

运用DEA-Malmquist指数模型,测算2008—2018年长江经济带11个省份的工业绿色全要素生产率及其分解项,并将高速铁路开通看成一项准自然实验,采用倾向得分匹配-倍差法评估高铁开通对长江经济带工业绿色全要素生产率的异质性影响。结果表明:(1)从整体上看,高铁开通对全部样本地区的工业绿色全要素生产率具有明显的促进作用。其中,一个地区的城市化水平越高,产业结构越优化,对工业绿色全要素生产率的促进作用越明显。(2)高铁开通对长江经济带东、中、西部地区的工业绿色全要素生产率存在异质性影响。其中,高铁开通对东部地区的工业绿色全要素生产率增长有明显的促进作用,对中、西部地区有促进作用但不显著。(3)高铁开通对长江经济带的工业绿色全要素生产率滞后效应存在地区异质性影响。其中,在高铁开通的第4年(2012年),对东部地区工业绿色全要素生产率的促进作用显著,对中、西部地区的促进作用并不明显。

Based on the DEA-Malmquist index model,this paper calculates industrial green total factor productivity(GTFP)index of 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze river economic belt,and uses propensity score matching approach coupled with difference-in-difference regression analysis to assess the heterogeneous influence of the opening of high speed railway on the GTFP by considering the opening of high speed railway as a quasi-natural experiment.The research results show that:(1)On the whole,the opening of high-speed railway has an obvious promotion effect on industrial green total factor productivity in all sample areas.Among them,the higher the urbanization level of an area is,the more optimized the industrial structure is,and the more obvious the promotion effect of GTFP is.(2)The opening of high-speed railway has heterogeneous influence on GTFP in east,central and western regions of the Yangtze river economic belt.Among them,the opening of high-speed railway can significantly promote the growth of GTFP in the eastern region,but not significantly in the central and western regions.(3)After the opening of high-speed railway,the lag effect of GTFP on the Yangtze River Economic Belt has regional heterogeneity.Among them,in the fourth year(2012)after the opening of high-speed railway,the GTFP in the eastern region was significantly promoted,while the GTFP in the central and western regions was not significantly promoted.