职业建立期护士职业发展阻隔因素的质性研究

Barrier factors of career development among nurses during career establishment period:a qualitative research

目的探讨职业建立期护士职业发展的阻隔因素,为促进护士的职业发展提供参考依据。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2019年3—4月北京市某综合三甲医院10名职业建立期护士,运用质性研究中的扎根理论方法,进行面对面半结构化访谈并现场录音。借助NVivo 11.0质性分析软件对访谈资料进行匿名转录、逐级编码、主题提炼。结果职业建立期护士职业发展的阻隔因素包括三大主题,即职业发展动力改变(包括职业发展意愿、职业认同、家庭导向)、工作投入改变(包括时间投入和精力投入)及受职业发展环境影响(包括组织支持、团队氛围)。结论职业发展动力不足、工作投入不足、护理职业环境不佳是职业建立期护士职业发展的阻隔因素。这提示护理管理者可从积极心理学角度出发,采取工作激励措施,营造良好团队氛围,充分挖掘职业建立期护士的职业发展动力,帮助职业建立期护士转被动为主动,最终实现职业与家庭的共同发展。

Objective To explore the barrier factors of career development among nurses during career establishment period so as to provide a reference for promoting the professional development of nurses.Methods From March to April 2019,we selected 10 nurses in the career establishment period of a GradeⅢClass A hospital in Beijing by purposive sampling.The grounded theoretical method in qualitative research was used to carry out the face-to-face semi-structured interview and live recordings.The interview data were anonymously transcribed,coded step by step and subjects of them were extracted with the help of NVivo 11.0 qualitative analysis software.Results Barrier factors of career development of nurses during career establishment period included three themes,namely,career development motivation changes(including career development willingness,career identity and family orientation),work investment changes(including time investment and energy investment)and impacts of career development environment(including organizational support and team atmosphere).Conclusions Inadequate motivation for career development,insufficient work investment and poor nursing career environment are the barriers to the career development of nurses during career establishment period.This suggests that nursing managers can take work incentives from the perspective of positive psychology,create a good team atmosphere,fully excavate the career development motivation of nurses during the career establishment period,help nurses turn passive to active during career establishment and finally achieve career and family development.