“思无邪”诠释辨证八则

Eight Textual Explanations on‘Si Wu Xie

“思无邪”出自《诗经·鲁颂·駉》,关于其内涵的诠释,在诗本义、孔子之意及后世人理解之间存在错综复杂的关系。文章经过辨析认为,《駉》实为不能确定年代作者的马祭颂诗,汉宋至今以“正”“诚”为主流的三条诠释路径与“思无邪”本义呈现疏离状态;“思无邪”和“温柔敦厚”虽共为诗教,两者的诠释却无共通之处,“思无邪”与“郑声淫”本非同一层面的问题;而以“思无邪”为诠释对象的教化观念,与孔子思想中的政治、诗旨、礼乐部分都息息相关,不应偏废。“思无邪”本义经由儒学、诗学诠释发生了丰富的语义流变,构成了深厚的文史内涵。厘清“思无邪”诠释的历史脉络与诸多问题,也有助于更好地理解和把握孔子的思想和精神。

“Si Wu Xie”comes from“The Book of Songs·Lu Song·Jiong”.The interpretation of its connotation has an intricate relationship among the original meaning of the poem,the meaning of Confucius and the understanding of later generations.Based on analysis,the article believes that“Jiong”is an ode to horse at sacrifice.The three interpretation paths of“Zheng”and“Cheng”in the Han and Song Dynasties have been alienated from the original meaning of“Si Wu Xie”.Although“Si Wu Xie”and“Wen Rou Dun Hou”are both poetic religions,their interpretations have no common ground.“Si Wu Xie”and“Zheng Sheng Yin”are not at the same level.The concept of enlightenment with“Si Wu Xie”as the object of interpretation is closely related to the political,poetic,ritual and musical parts of Confucius thoughts,and should not be discarded.The original meaning of“Si Wu Xie”has undergone rich semantic changes through the interpretation of Confucianism and poetics,forming a profound connotation of literature and history.Clarifying the historical context and problems in the interpretation of“Si Wu Xie”could help us to better understand and grasp Confucius thought and spirit.