论民事诉讼当事人程序利益的合理分配——以诉讼保全责任保险费用的负担为切入点

On the Reasonable Distribution of the Procedural Benefits of the Parties to Civil litigation——Taking the Burden of Litigation Preservation Liability Insurance Cost as the Starting Point

中国现行立法对于诉讼费用的界定仅限于调整当事人和法院之间的关系,而将当事人之间的费用关系调整排除在外。因此,目前诉讼保全责任保险费用不属于中国的法定诉讼费用,其负担不能简单遵循法定诉讼费用的“败诉者”承担规则。诉讼保全责任保险费用的负担应当在当事人程序利益合理分配的前提下,以保障当事人诉权作为出发点,结合民事诉讼平等原则,贯彻私法自治理念进行重新构建,在无合同明确约定的前提下,遵循以“谁主张,谁负担”的原则进行裁判,从而保障未来诉讼保全责任保险作为保全担保方式之一的有序、良好发展。

The definition of litigation costs in China's current legislation is limited to adjusting the relationship between the parties and the courts,and excludes the adjustment of the cost relationship between the parties.Therefore,current litigation preservation liability insurance costs do not belong to China s statutory litigation costs,its burden cannot simply follow the legal litigation costs of the“loser”bear the rules.The burden of litigation preservation liability insurance costs should be under the premise of reasonable distribution of the parties procedural interests,take the right of litigation as the starting point,combine the principle of equality of the parties in civil litigation,and carry out the concept of self-governance of private law to reconstruct.Under the premise of no contract,follow the principle of“who advocates,who bears”to make the decision,to ensure the orderly development of the future litigation preservation liability insurance as one of the ways of preservation guarantee.