哈尔滨市南岗区3~6岁儿童全血7种元素水平分析

Analysis of seven levels of whole blood in children aged 3~6 in Nangang district of Harbin

目的检测哈尔滨市南岗区3~6岁儿童全血中钙、铜、铁、锌、镁、铅、锰元素的水平,了解南岗区儿童上述7种元素的营养状况,为营养干预提供科学依据。方法随机选择哈尔滨市南岗区4所幼儿园,每所幼儿园中随机抽取30名3~6岁儿童,采集空腹全血,采用广州金域临床质谱检测中心的电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)对全血7种元素的水平进行定量检测并进行统计分析。结果 120名儿童中锌元素缺乏率为1.67%,铅、铜、锰元素超过标准参考值的比例分别为0.83%、2.50%和3.33%,其他元素无缺乏或过量的情况。与中国其他地区相比,哈尔滨市南岗区儿童锌(χ^2=745.2 950)、钙(χ^2=623.1 530)、铁(χ^2=593.1 870)、镁(χ^2=14.9 681)4种元素的缺乏率较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);铅(χ^2=0.6 609)和铜(χ^2=3.2 119)2种元素的超标率与中国其他地区比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);锰在其他地区鲜有检测,故无法比较。结论哈尔滨市南岗区3~6岁儿童的锌、钙、铁和镁的营养状况与中国其他地区相比良好,但也要适量增加锌元素的补充,预防和控制铅、锰、铜元素的过多摄入。

Objective To detect the levels of calcium,copper,iron,zinc,magnesium,lead and manganese in the whole blood of children aged 3~6 years in Nangang district of Harbin,and understand the nutritional status of the above 7 elements in children in Nangang district of Harbin,provide scientific basis for nutritional interventions.Methods Four kindergartens in Nangang district of Harbin were randomly selected.Children aged 3~6 years were randomly selected from each kindergarten.Fasting whole blood was collected and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was used to measure whole blood by Guangzhou Jinyu Clinical Mass Spectrometry Center(ICP-MS).The levels of the 7 elements were quantitatively detected and statistically analyzed.Results The zinc deficiency rate was 1.67% in 120 children,and the proportion of lead,copper and manganese concentration exceeding the reference value were 0.85%,3.83% and 2.50%,respectively.There were no shortage or excess of other trace elements.Compared with other cities of China,the nutrition status of children in Nangang District of Harbin in zinc(χ^2=745.2950,P<0.01),calcium(χ^2=623.1530,P<0.01),iron(χ^2=593.1870,P<0.01),magnesium(χ^2=14.9681,P<0.01) were better.There was no significant difference in lead(χ^2=0.6609) and copper(χ^2=3.2119).Manganese was rarely tested in other areas,so it could not be compared.Conclusion The nutritional status of children aged 3~6 in Nangang district of Harbin is better than that in other cities of China,but it should also increase the supplement of zinc in an appropriate amount to prevent and control excessive intake of lead,manganese and copper.