公安县居民2017年死因和减寿分析

Analysis of death causes and life lost of residents in Gong’an county in 2017

目的了解湖北省公安县2017年居民死亡率、主要死因和减寿原因,评价全县居民健康水平,为制定适宜的疾病防控对策提供依据。方法收集2017年公安县死因监测数据,计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命等指标。率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果2017年公安县居民粗死亡率为737.31/10万,标化死亡率为562.49/10万,男性粗死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=135.84,P<0.01)。前5位死因依次为恶性肿瘤、损伤中毒、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病,占全死因的85.06%。人均期望寿命为78.37岁,其中男性为75.57岁,女性为81.39岁。去除循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、损伤与中毒、呼吸系统疾病这几类主要死因对人群的影响后,人均期望寿命分别可增加4.29岁、2.64岁、2.46岁和1.85岁,寿命损失率分别为5.47%、3.37%、3.14%和2.36%。结论公安县居民死亡原因以循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤等慢性非传染性疾病为主,应加强慢性病防治知识宣传。损伤与中毒也是主要的死因,应针对性地开展伤害监测和干预措施,提高人群安全意识,降低意外事故的发生。

Objective To understand the mortality rate,the main causes of the death and the life lost of Gong’an county in 2017,evaluate the health level of the whole county residents,provide appropriate evidence for disease prevention and control.Methods The death data of Gong’an county in 2017 were collected and analyzed.Mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,life expectancy,cause eliminated life expectancy were analyzed.Chi-square test was used to compare rates.Results The mortality rate among residents of Gong’an county in 2017 was 737.31/100000,and the standardized mortality rate was 562.49/100000,the mortality rate in males was higher than that in females(χ^2=135.84,P<0.01).The top 5 death causes were malignant tumors,injuries and poisonings,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases and heart diseases,accounting for 85.06%of all deaths.The life expectancy was 78.37,the male resident was 75.57 and the female resident was 81.39.By eliminating the causes of death of circulatory diseases,malignant tumors,injuries and poisonings,respiratory diseases,the life expectancy increased 4.29,2.64,2.46,1.85 years respectively.The life lost rate were 5.47%,3.37%,3.14%,2.36%,respectively.Conclusion The main causes of death among residents of Gong’an county are the chronic non-communicable diseases such as circulatory diseases and malignant tumors.Propaganda the knowledge on the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be strengthen.Injuries and poisonings have become the main causes of the death.Injury monitoring and intervention measures should be carried out to improve people’s safety awareness and reduce the occurrence of accidents.