湖州市2017—2018年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验及补种现状分析

Status analysis of vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary inoculation among the children newly-enrolled in kindergartens and primary schools in Huzhou,2017—2018

目的了解湖州市儿童入托入学预防接种证查验工作的实施情况,为提高入托入学儿童疫苗接种率提供科学依据。方法对湖州市2017—2018年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验资料进行描述性分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果 2017—2018年湖州市小学漏证率均高于托幼机构,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。查验后疫苗全程免疫率均高于查验前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。需补种疫苗剂次占比最高的是A+C群流脑疫苗,2017年和2018年分别为31.23%和32.72%;2018年疫苗补种率(93.90%)高于2017年(89.88%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=194.642,P<0.05)。2017年托幼机构百白破疫苗补种率(85.47%)高于小学(73.77%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.887,P<0.05);2018年托幼机构甲肝疫苗补种率(94.42%)高于小学(89.91%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.210,P<0.05)。结论预防接种证查验可提高湖州市免疫规划疫苗全程接种率和补种率,但仍有部分儿童未完成全程免疫,需采取多种措施进一步加强儿童补种工作。

Objective To understand the vaccination certificate inspection status of the children at admission to the nursery and school in Huzhou,provide basis for improving the vaccination coverage.Methods Descriptive analysis was carried out on the data of children enrolled in the nursery school in Huzhou from 2017 to 2018,Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Results The leakage rate of vaccination certificates in primary school children was higher than that in kindergarten children,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference of whole course vaccination rates before and after examination was statistically significant(P<0.05).The highest proportion of revaccination doses was for group A+C meningitis vaccine,which was 31.23% and 32.72% respectively in 2017 and 2018.The supplementary inoculation rate of child in 2018 year(93.90%)was higher than that in 2017 year(89.88%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=194.642,P<0.05).The diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine supplementary inoculation rate of child in kindergartens(85.47%) were higher than that in primary school(73.77%) in 2017 year,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=5.887,P<0.05). The Hepatitis A vaccine supplementary inoculation rate of child in kindergartens(94.42%) was higher than that in primary school(89.91%) in 2018 year,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=9.210,P<0.05).Conclusion The work of vaccination certificate inspection improve the whole course vaccination rates and the rates of supplementary vaccines effectively.But there are still some children who have not completed the whole course of immunization.It is suggested that measures need to be taken to further strengthen the progress of vaccination.