医疗器械相关压力性损伤事件的回顾性研究和特征分析

Retrospective study of the characteristic of medical device-related pressure injury events

目的:调查医疗器械相关压力性损伤的发生特征,分析发生的相关因素。方法:回顾性调查2014—2018年医疗器械相关压力性损伤的患者特征、器械类型、分布、部位和分期等,与其他压力性损伤的特征数据进行差异性分析。结果:共收集压力性损伤134例,其中医疗器械相关压力性损伤39例,器械种类包括吸氧装置、血压袖带、抗血栓弹力袜等,发生部位包括骨隆突处及上臂、股部、手指等非骨隆突处。在年龄、科室分布及发生风险的构成比上与其他压力性损伤组有差异,急诊发生的可能性是普通病房的4.561倍。结论:医疗器械相关压力性损伤占压力性损伤发生总数的构成比逐年上升,发生原因涉及系统和人为因素,需要制订有效对策,预防医疗器械相关压力性损伤的发生。

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of pressure injury related to medical devices,and to explore the relevant factors.Methods:A retrospective investigation was conducted in the incidence of medical device related pressure injury from 2014 to 2018,and collected the data about the characteristics of patients,the types of medical device,and the distribution,location and stage of pressure injury,and the above data was compared with the collected data from other pressure injuries.Results:Totally 134 cases of pressure injury and 39 cases of device related pressure injury were collected.The devices included oxygen inhalation device,blood pressure cuff,antithrombotic elastic socks,and so on.The sites of injury included bony protrusion and some non-bony protrusion,such as upper arm,thigh,finger.There were significant differences in the age,distribution of wards and score of Braden between the group with medical devices and other groups.The incidence of medical device-related pressure injury was 4.561 times higher in the emergency department than general ward.Conclusion:The incidence of medical device-related pressure injury increased year by year,and there were many related risk factors with it.Effective countermeasures should be formulated to prevent its occurrence.