行政公益诉讼的要件分析——以要件事实理论为视角

An Analysis of the Essentials of Administrative Public Interest Litigation--From the perspective of essential fact theory

借助要件事实理论、要件分析方法,对行政公益诉讼进行要件分析,对当前行政公益诉讼实践具有重要意义。行政公益诉讼的要件包括诉前检察建议要件、起诉要件、实体判决要件、诉讼请求成立要件,要件分析主要是解释要件含义、梳理并分配要件事实的举证证明责任。在我国现行《行政诉讼法》以私益保护和救济为主导的制度设计框架下,解释行政公益诉讼的核心要件应当考虑公益侵害及公益保护的特殊性。要件事实理论对于行政公益诉讼举证证明责任分配有着新的启迪。

With the aid of essential fact theory and essential analysis method,it is of great significance to analyze the essentials of administrative public interest litigation for the current practice of administrative public interest litigation.The elements of administrative public interest litigation include the pre-litigation prosecutorial recommendation elements,the prosecution elements,the entity judgment elements,and the lawsuit request establishment requirements,while the element analysis is mainly to explain the meaning of the element,sort out and distribute the burden of proof of the fact of the element.Under the current institutional design framework of our country’s current administrative litigation law,where private interest protection and relief dominate,the core element of administrative public interest litigation should take into account the particularity of public interest infringement and public interest protection.The essential facts theory has new enlightenment for the distribution of burden of proof in administrative public interest litigation.