2016-2018年威海市市售蔬菜铅、镉污染及其健康风险分析

Analysis on lead and cadmium pollution and health risk of commercially available vegetables in Weihai City from 2016 to 2018

目的了解威海市市售蔬菜铅和镉污染情况,评价人群食用健康风险。方法2016-2018年对威海市市售7种蔬菜铅和镉含量进行采样检验,利用目标危害系数法(THQ)评价人群食用健康风险。结果400份蔬菜中,铅、镉平均含量分别为0.0415和0.0081 mg/kg,检出率分别为55.25%和60.25%;萝卜铅含量(0.0661 mg/kg)最高,土豆铅含量(0.0387 mg/kg)较低而镉含量(0.0661 mg/kg)最高,四季豆镉含量(0.0021 mg/kg)最低。铅超标率为2.25%,而镉未超标。各年龄段人群的多种重金属复合风险系数(TTHQ)均<1,青少年膳食暴露健康风险高于成年人,同年龄段女性膳食暴露健康风险略高于男性。结论经蔬菜途径摄入铅和镉对威海市居民的健康风险不明显。

Objective To investigate the lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)pollution of commercially available vegetables in Weihai City,evaluate the health risks of population.Methods The contents of Pb and Cd in seven commercially available vegetables in Weihai City from 2016 to 2018 weresampled and tested,and the method of target hazard quotient(THQ)was used to evaluate the health risk.Results The average content of Pb and Cd in 400 vegetable samples was 0.0415 and 0.0081 mg/kg respectively,and the detection rate was 55.25%and 60.25%respectively.The content of Pb in turnips was the highest(0.0661 mg/kg).The content of Pb in potato(0.0387 mg/kg)was lower,while the content of Cd(0.0661 mg/kg)was the highest.The content of Cd(0.0021 mg/kg)in green beans was the lowest.The over standard rate of Pb was 2.25%,but Cd content was lower than national standard.Total target hazard quotient(TTHQ)of various age groups was less than 1.The health risk of dietary exposure in teenagers was higher than that in adults.Moreover,the health risk of dietary exposure in women was slightly higher than that in men in the same age group.Conclusion The health risk of Pb and Cd through vegetables intake is not obvious in residents in Weihai City.