复合湿润剂对煤体渗透性及冲击倾向性影响的试验研究

Experimental tracing and determination of the impact of the composite wetting agent on the coal permeability and tendency

我国煤矿逐步进入深部开采阶段,利用注水技术防治冲击地压等煤矿动力灾害时,单纯湿润剂的湿润能力已无法满足深部开采防冲需求。因此为了提高深部开采煤层防治动力灾害的效果,选用一种注水增强剂来增加注水效果,增强剂主要成分包括螯合剂和湿润剂,即亚氨基二琥珀酸四钠(IDS)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)。在实验室对煤样进行了XRD试验,分析了煤中矿物质,利用ICP分析了浸泡后溶液中的矿物质离子变化,通过单轴抗压试验测试了组合剂作用后煤样的冲击倾向性变化等。结果表明:在IDS+SDBS浸泡煤样后,由于螯合剂可以将金属离子螯合形成稳定的物质,从而致使溶液中Ca^2+、Mg^2+、Fe^2+/^3+等离子大量浸出,煤体中的黄铁矿、方解石等物质部分被解络,打开了煤体中的次生孔隙,增加了水在煤层中的流动性;组合剂还增加了煤表面的亲水性基团的数量,降低了疏水基团的数量,从而使煤体具有了很好的湿润性;组合剂作用后煤样的冲击倾向性也大幅度降低。研究表明,以IDS+SDBS作为煤层注水添加剂用来防治"高应力、低渗透"煤层的冲击地压复合动力灾害是可行的。

The paper is inclined to present the wetting ability of the pure wetting agents so as to increase the water injection effect to relieve the dynamic disaster and prevent from the deep mining coal seam impact by choosing a water injection enhancer. As is known,due to the gradual entrance into a stage of the deep mining for China’s coal mining industry,it has been more and more important to control the coal mining disasters,such as the ground pressure impact,say,the wetting ability by means of pure wetting agents,which can no longer meet the anti-shock demands of deep mining simply by adopting the water injection technology.And,the likely main enhancing means in this way should include: chelating the agent-tetrasodium iminodisuccinate (IDS)and the humectant-dodecyl group sodium benzene sulfonate (SDBS),all of which XRD tests have to be realized through the coal mineral analysis of the coal-mining samples in the laboratory conditions. For example,the changes of mineral ions in the solution as a result of immersion have to be analyzed by using ICP so as to identify and determine the tendency of the coal sample impact tendency to check the function of the combination agent,such as through the uniaxial compression test and other similar tests. The above results shall be able to show that the immersion of the coal sample in the condition of IDS + SDBS helps to synthesize a stable substance,the chelating agent can chelate the metal ions,resulting in a large amount of leaching of Ca^2+,Mg^2+,Fe^2+/^3+ and other ions. And,part of the pyrite,calcite and other materials in the coal body can be decomposed to expose the secondary pores in the coal body and increase the fluidity of the water in the coal seam. At the same time,the combination agent also increases the number of hydrophilic groups on the surface of the coal so as to reduce the amount of hydrophobic groups to promote the wettability of the coal body. The impact tendency of the coal sample through the action of the synthetic agent can thus be greatly reduced,too. And,in accordance with the above test results,it can be concluded that IDS + SDBS can be used as a coal seam water injection additive to prevent the impact and pressure composite dynamic disaster known as the coal seam of"the high stress and low permeability",so as to provide a reference to the coal seam water injection.