引江济淮工程受水区(安徽淮河以北段)农田氮磷流失现状及输水后预测评估

Present Situation of the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Run-off Loss from Croplands in Intake Areas of the Water Transfer Project from the Yangtze River to Huaihe River(the Section of the North of Huaihe River in Anhui)and Evaluation After Water Transfer Project

对引江济淮工程受水区(安徽段)的种植结构、肥料类型和用量进行调查分析,估算受水区不同控制单元农田氮磷流失情况及入河系数,考察农田面源氮磷流失入河对流域水质的贡献,并预测工程输水后农田氮磷流失对流域水质影响的变化趋势。结果表明:研究区施氮、磷肥过多导致较高量的氮磷流失,对颍河、西淝河、茨淮新河和涡河的水质有较大影响;引江济淮工程实施调水后总氮、总磷入河浓度持续降低并趋于稳定,污染物浓度降低,水质将有所好转。

Based on the investigation of the planting structure,type and dosage of fertilizer in the intake area(Anhui section)of water transfer project from the Yangtze River to Huaihe River,this paper estimates the nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)run-off loss from croplands and the coefficients of pollution flowing into the river of the different intake areas,investigates the contribution of non-point N and P loss from croplands into rivers to water quality,and predicates the change of influence of N and P run-off loss on the water quality after implementation of water transfer project.The results show that:the excessive application of N and P fertilizer in the study area leads to a high amount of N and P loss,which has a great influence on the water quality of Yinghe River,Xifei River,Cihuaixin River and Guohe River.With the implementation of the water transfer project from Yangtze River to Huaihe River,the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus into the river continues to decrease and tends to be stable,and the concentration of pollutants reduces,so the water quality will improve.