王阳明“良知”本体辨析

The Discrimination of Wang Yangming's Conscience Ontology

王阳明把源于《孟子》的良知发展成了“良知”本体。在王阳明的话语体系中,“良知本体”一词是指良知的本然之体、本来面目。同时,在他的哲学体系中,良知又有着形上本体的意义。王阳明的良知本体论可以称为主体本体论,意即在良知的观照下,这个世界才呈现出价值和意义。因此,在研究王阳明哲学时,不能径直将话语体系中的“良知本体”等同于今人所讲的形上本体,也不能将阳明的良知去本体化,认为阳明没有本体论的思想。

Wang Yangming regards Mencius'conscience as conscience ontology.In his language system,conscience ontology is the true feature of conscience.And in his philosophy,conscience is ontological.Wang Yangming's conscience can be called the ontology of the subject,indicating the value and significance of the world under the observation of conscience.Therefore,we can neither directly regard the true feature of conscience as ontology of conscience,nor deleting the ontology of subject from Wang Yangming's conscience ontology.