2011-2019年北京儿童医院疑似麻疹病例血清IgM抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of specific IgM antibody to measles virus in suspected measles children in Beijing Children′s Hospital during 2011and 2019

目的分析2011年1月-2019年6月北京儿童医院收治的疑似麻疹患儿的血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体检测结果,为麻疹预防和控制及消除提供基础数据。方法使用酶联免疫吸附法检测疑似麻疹病例的血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体,采用描述流行病学方法分析疑似麻疹患儿的时间分布和人群分布特征,用χ2检验对不同年龄组或性别患儿血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性率进行分析。结果2011年1月-2019年6月北京儿童医院门诊和病房共送检疑似麻疹患儿的血标本3282份,血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性率为37.9%(1243/3282);<8月龄,8月龄~3岁,3~6岁和>6岁年龄组患儿的血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性率分别为48.7%(368/756)、37.1%(716/1932)、29.7%(92/310)和23.6%(67/284),<8月龄年龄组患儿的阳性率高于其他年龄组(χ^2=72.537,P<0.0001),血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性率随年龄组增长而逐渐降低(Z=8.276856,P<0.0001);2014年血清麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性病例数最多,占阳性病例总数的48.1%(598/1243),2-5月份是阳性病例较为集中月份。结论2011-2019年北京儿童医院麻疹阳性病例数保持较低水平(2014年和2015年除外),应继续加强麻疹监测和麻疹疫苗接种,尤其是继续保持和提高8月龄以上儿童疫苗接种率,并提倡婴幼儿尤其是8月龄以下儿童的家庭成员接种麻疹疫苗。

Objective To analyze the results of specific IgM antibody in children suspected with measles virus infection and admitted to Beijing Children′s Hospital during January 2011and June 2019.Methods Demographic data of suspected measles cases were collected and the specific IgM antibody to measles virus in the serum was detected by ELISA assay.Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference among various age and gender groups.Results During January 2011and June 2019,a total of 3282blood samples were collected from suspected measles cases admitted to Beijing Children′s Hospital.The positive rate of specific IgM antibody to measles virus was 37.9%(1243/3282).The positive rate of IgM antibody to measles virus was 48.7%(368/756),37.1%(716/1932),29.7%(92/310)and 23.6%(67/284),in 8months,8months-3 years,3-6years and>6years age groups,respectively.The positive rate of the<8months age group was higher than that of other age groups.There was statistically significant difference among the age groups(χ2=72.537,P<0.0001).The positive rate of specific IgM antibody to measles virus declined gradually with the increase of age.In 2014,the number of positive cases of IgM antibody to measles virus was the highest,accounting for 48.1%of the total number of positive cases(598/1243),and there were more cases from February to May.Conclusions There were not so many measles cases in Beijing Children′s Hospital during 2011 and 2019except in 2014and 2015.