列宁新经济政策的文化意蕴——以物质、精神和行为文化为视角

The cultural implication of Lenin’s new economic policy——From the perspective of material,spiritual and behavioral culture

列宁新经济政策的实施是苏俄向社会主义过渡的尝试与探索,不仅巩固了苏俄社会主义制度,更为苏俄社会的发展奠定基础。从文化视角审视与品读新经济政策,它既是社会主义物质基础夯实的政策理论体系、思想观念培育的理念方法体系、人际关系调整的制度规范体系,更是社会主义发展历史长河的重大历史事件,引起我们的文化思考与借鉴。新经济政策通过突出发展生产力的重要性,树立马克思主义指导思想,实现交往方式的转变,尝试重构苏俄社会的物质、精神和行为文化系统,坚持对人的转变,凸显苏俄社会文化的本质。经过实践的证明和时间的积淀形成的物质文明和精神文明奠定了苏联日后的发展与辉煌。同时,对于新经济政策文化意蕴的误解和背离,成为苏联解体的实质原因之一。这对于中国特色社会主义坚持文化自信具有重大的启示作用。

The implementation of Lenin ’s new economic policy is an attempt and exploration of the transition in Soviet Russia to socialism,which not only consolidated the socialist system of Soviet Russia,but also laid a foundation for the development of Soviet society. From the perspective of culture,the new economic policy is not only a policy theory system with a solid material foundation of socialism,a system of ideas and methods for ideological cultivation,a system of norms for interpersonal relationship adjustment,but also a major historical event with a long history of socialist development. It enlightens us on cultural thinking and using for the reference. The new economic policy highlights the importance of developing productivity,establishing Marxist guiding ideology and realizing the transformation of communication mode. It also tries to reconstruct the material,spiritual and behavioral cultural system of Soviet Russian society and adheres to the transformation of people,highlighting the essence of Soviet Russian social culture. The material civilization and spiritual civilization formed by practice and accumulation of time laid the foundation for the future development and glory of the Soviet Union. At the same time,the misunderstanding and deviation of the cultural connotation of the new economic policy became one of the substantial reasons for the disintegration of the Soviet Union. This is of great significance to persist in the cultural self-confidence of socialism with Chinese characteristics.