表面水膜冷却式光伏板的性能研究

Study on the performance of surface water film cooled photovoltaic panels

针对光伏电池的电效率受其运行温度的制约,文章采用数值模拟方法,利用已有公开数据对所建光伏板的三维稳态传热模型进行了验证。借助已验证的模型研究了表面水膜冷却方式下,太阳辐照度、环境温度、水流量等因素对光伏板各项性能的影响。结果表明:光伏板平均温度和电效率与太阳辐照度及环境温度成线性分布,其中环境温度居主导地位;光伏板表面增加水膜后,其输出功率可提升9.6%~12.9%;水膜入口处Re为168时,光伏水冷系统整体效益较优。

In view of the fact that the electrical efficiency of photovoltaic(PV)cells is constrained by their operating temperature.In this paper,a three-dimensional steady-state heat transfer numerical model of PV panel is established and verified using open data.With the help of the verified model,the effects of solar irradiance,ambient temperature,water flow and other factors on the performance of PV panels were studied under the surface water film cooling method.The results show that the average temperature and electrical efficiency of the PV panels present liner relationship with solar irradiance and ambient temperature,and the ambient temperature is the primary factor;the output of the battery can be increased by 9.6%~12.9%via spraying water on the front surface of the PV panels;the overall performance of PV water cooling system could get a better efficiency when Reynold’s number is 168 at the water film entrance.