论《西游记》之“赌赛”叙事及其审美意趣

On the Narrative and Aesthetic Interest of "Gambling Match"in Journey to the West

基于经久不衰的"赌赛"风气,《西游记》善于将各种争强好胜的预测打赌与武力打斗以及心智斗法等游戏性较量纳入"赌赛"命题加以叙述。在这些"赌赛"叙事中,孙悟空与各路神仙、妖魔不是为了赢钱争物,而是以"赌输赢""决胜负"为意。小说既借预测结果的"赌赛"叙述增强小说文本的悬疑性;又借武斗竞技"赌赛"叙述满足读者寻求惊险刺激的审美心理。各种"赌赛"叙事还将争强好胜的"心魔"蕴含其中,既使得神魔小说饱含世俗性,又有效地服务于"游戏中暗传密谛"创作主旨。从"赌赛"叙事维度看,《西游记》是一部"游戏"小说,蕴含着悬疑、惊险以及庄谐交织等多元审美意趣。

Based on the long-standing"gambling game"trend,Journey to the West is good at describing various competitive games such as pre-guessing bet,fighting by force and mental fighting into the "gambling game"proposition. In these"gambling game"narratives,Monkey King and all kinds of immortals and demons do not fight for money,but for"gambling win"and"decisive win". The novel not only enhances the suspense of the novel text by the"gambling match"narration of the prediction result,but also satisfies the readers’ aesthetic psychology of seeking thrill and stimulation by the"gambling match"narration of the martial arts competition. All kinds of "gambling game"narratives also contain the competitive "mind devil",which not only brings secularity to the God and devil novel,but also effectively serves the creative theme of "secret essence in the game". From the perspective of the narrative dimension of"gambling match",Journey to the West is a novel of "game",which contains multiple aesthetic interests such as suspense,thrill,solemnity and humor.