空间观念的理论生成与话语转义——以康德的“先验空间”到“具身化”为例

Theoretical Formation and Semantic Transformation of the Concept of Space: A Case Study of Immanuel Kant’s “Transcendental Space” to “Embodiment”

康德针对绝对空间展开的继承性批判成为重构空间思想的必由路径,他用"绝对纯粹"来替代"神秘经验",这是一个非神学的空间阐释框架,被誉为"哥白尼式革命"。在划清和传统空间观念的界限之后,康德以"经验"和"先验"为视角来廓清自己的理论构想并论证得出空间的重要属性:经验实在性和先验观念性。从这一结论亦不难看出康德对大陆理性主义和英国经验主义的贯通融合,即主体凭借空间化的表象,将内感官之"我"视为审美对象,这实际是上承"先验感性"中的论述。除此之外,康德空间观已预设了现象学的基本判断,这实际上开启了空间研究从经验性走向境域化、从形而上走向"具身化"的可能性。

Immanuel Kant’s inheritance criticism of absolute space becomes the necessary way to reconstruct space thought. He uses absolute purity instead of mystical experience,which is a non-theological framework of space interpretation,known as the Revolution. After drawing a clear line from the traditional concept of space,Immanuel Kant,from the perspective of "experience"and "Priori",clarifies his own theoretical conception and demonstrates the important attributes of space: Empirical reality and Priori Concept. From this conclusion,it is not difficult to see Immanuel Kant’s integration of the mainland rationalism and the British empiricism,that is,the subject regards the"I"of the inner senses as an aesthetic object by means of the appearance of spatialization. This is actually a continuation of the"transcendental sensibility"in the discussion. In addition,Immanuel Kant’s concept of space presupposes the basic judgment of phenomenology,which actually opens the possibility of space research from experience to context and from metaphysics to embodiment.