老年肌少症患者非药物干预的证据总结

Evidence summary of nonpharmacological intervention for elderly patients with sarcopenia

目的总结和评价老年肌少症患者非药物干预的最佳证据,为其健康管理提供循证依据。方法按照"6S"证据资源金字塔模型,根据PICOS原则构建循证问题,系统检索老年肌少症非药物干预的相关证据,并对其进行质量评价、提取和总结。结果共纳入10篇文献,其中指南2篇,专家共识2篇,系统评价6篇。共提取总结8条证据,包括运动干预类型、运动干预处方、营养干预、健康教育和综合干预5个方面。结论建议证据使用者根据临床环境、专业技能及患者意愿,选择裁剪最佳证据,且在证据应用前,应对老年肌少症患者的基线运动水平和营养状况进行严格评估。

Objective To summarize and evaluate the best evidence of nonpharmacological intervention in elderly patients with sarcopenia,and provide evidence-based basis for health management of these patients.Methods According to the"6S"evidence pyramid and the principle of PICOS,evidence-based questions were constructed,and evidence on nonpharmacological intervention for sarcopenia in the elderly was searched systematically and retrieved.Then the quality of evidence was evaluated,and the best evidence was extracted and summarized.Results A total of 10 publications were included,embracing 2 guidelines,2 expert consensus reports and 6 systematic reviews.Eight pieces of evidences were extracted and summarized,and categorized into five aspects:exercise intervention methods,exercise intervention prescription,nutrition intervention,health education and comprehensive intervention.Conclusion It is suggested that evidence users should select evidence most tailored to the clinical environment,professional expertise they have and patients′preferences,and strictly evaluate the baseline exercise level and nutritional status of patients before applying the evidence.