家庭生活因素对孕妇孕期抑郁和焦虑的影响

The influence of family life factors on depression and anxiety of women during pregnancy

目的:探讨家庭生活因素与孕妇孕期抑郁和焦虑的关系,揭示家庭生活因素对孕妇孕期抑郁和焦虑的影响。方法:研究对象选自2019年7—10月在北京航空总医院、宜兴市妇幼保健院、长沙市妇幼保健院和泸州市妇幼保健院4家医院产前检查的孕妇818人,采用一般资料调查表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表和广泛性焦虑量表对其抑郁和焦虑状况进行调查。结果:孕期抑郁的比例为28.4%,焦虑占16.0%。除居住面积外,孕妇孕期抑郁和焦虑在与配偶的关系、配偶的关心、其他家人的照顾、妊娠后饮食满意度、睡眠情况、吸烟、饮酒、居住情况以及居住满意度上的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在控制人口学变量后妊娠后的饮食情况满意度、与配偶的关系、睡眠情况、对居住现状的满意度以及配偶的关心情况对孕期抑郁有负向影响;与配偶的关系、妊娠后饮食情况满意度、配偶的关心情况以及睡眠情况对孕期焦虑有负向影响。结论:良好的婚姻关系和孕后满意的饮食有助于降低孕期抑郁和焦虑情绪。

Objective:To explore the relationship between family life factors and the depression and anxiety occurrence of women during pregnancy,and to reveal the infhleve factor of family life factors on depression and anxiety of pregnant women.Methods:A total of 818 pregnant women from Beijing aviation general hospital,Yixing city maternal and child health care hospital,Changsha city maternal and child health care hospital,and Luzhou city maternal and child health care hospital were selected in this study from July to October 2019.The general information questionnaire,Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were used to investigate their depression and anxiety.Results:The proportion of depression and anxiety of women during pregnancy were 28.4%and 16.0%.There were significant differences in the proportion of depression and anxiety during pregnancy among the women in terms of the relationship with their spouse,cared by husband and other family members,satisfaction of diet after pregnancy,sleep quality,whether smoking and drinking,living conditions,and living satisfaction(P<0.05).After controlling the demographic variables,the satisfaction of diet after pregnancy,the relationship with spouse,sleep status,satisfaction with living status,and cared by spouse had important infhleve for depression during pregnancy,and the relationship with spouse,the dietary satisfaction after pregnancy,cared by spouse,and sleep status had important infhleve for anxiety during pregnancy.Conclusion:A good marriage relationships and the satisfaction of dietary habit after pregnancy can help to reduce depression and anxiety occurrence of women during pregnancy.