韩国“新北方政策”下的北极战略:进程与限度

The Arctic Strategy Under ROK’s “New Northern Policy”:Process and Constraints

文在寅上台后把能源、北极航道等内容纳入到"新北方政策"的"九桥战略"框架中,通过强化中韩、俄韩关系以"解冻"朝韩关系,推动朝鲜半岛"新经济地图"和"东北亚+责任共同体"构想。出于提升地区话语权、推动经济发展、保障能源安全等多种考虑,文在寅政府把参与俄罗斯北极能源开发、推进北极航道商业化、建设北极物流体系等优先置于"新北方政策"体系中,以地方政府为主体的"极地城市"建设也成为布局重点。韩国北极战略面临美朝关系复杂化、韩日同质化竞争、北极地区军事化等一系列问题的挑战,因此文在寅政府大力推动的北极战略虽有一定的进展,该战略的实施饱受制约。

After ROK President Moon Jae-in took office,he included energy,the Arctic waterway and other contents into"9 Bridges"Strategy framework of"New Northern Policy".By strengthening China-ROK relations and Russia-ROK relations to unfreeze its relations with DPRK,Moon Jae-in pushes the concepts of"New Economic Map of Korean Peninsula"and the"Northeast Asia+Responsible Community".Under various considerations(such as enhancing regional discourse power,promoting economic development and ensuring energy security),Moon Jae-in Administration places priorities over participation in Russia’s Arctic energy development,contribution to commercialization of the Arctic waterway and construction of the Arctic logistics system within the framework of"New Northern Policy".In the meantime,the construction of"Polar Cities",with local governments as the backbone,has also become the focus of the grand planning.ROK’s Arctic Strategy is confronted with the challenges from a series of issues,such as the complication of the US-DPRK relations,homogenized competition between ROK and Japan and the militarization of the Arctic.Although Moon Jaein Administration has made great progress in vigorous launch of the Arctic Strategy,the implementation of this strategy has been greatly restricted.