慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者抑郁症状相关影响因素及护理对策

Influential Factors and Nursing Strategies of Depression Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的探讨引起慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者抑郁症状相关影响因素及护理对策。方法应用抑郁症状诊断标准对138例COPD患者进行评估,比较无抑郁症状及合并抑郁症状患者相关指标上的差异。结果存在不同程度抑郁症状55例(39.86%),抑郁症状组年龄>60岁81.82%、女性69.09%、吸烟87.27%、体重指数≤24.00kg/m272.73%、年加重数>2次90.01%、COPD病程>10年76.36%、未开展延续护理69.09%、营养不良72.73%、缺少家属支持58.18%、未进行家庭氧疗89.09%、疾病认知缺少80.00%、未进行肺康复训练78.18%高于无抑郁症状组的63.86%、31.33%、46.99%、42.17%、50.60%、56.63%、9.64%、30.12%、16.87%、61.44%、48.19%、40.96%(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示影响抑郁症状因素:病程>10年(OR=5.17,95%CI:1.28~27.50)、营养不良(OR=4.73,95%CI:1.31~25.28)、缺少家庭支持(OR=3.92,95%CI:1.19~22.07)、未开展延续护理(OR=3.43,95%CI:1.20~18.28)。结论多种因素的存在导致COPD抑郁症状发生率上升,应根据导致抑郁症状因素及时给予护理干预降低抑郁症状的发生。

Objective To explore the related influencing factors and nursing countermeasures of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods 138 cases of COPD points were evaluated using the diagnostic criteria of depressive symptoms,and the differences in relevant indicators between patients without depressive symptoms and those with depressive symptoms were compared.Results Fifty-five cases(39.86%)of depressive symptoms were present.The age of the depressive symptoms group was>60 years old 81.82%,women 69.09%,smoking 87.27%,body mass index≤24.00 kg/m 272.73%,annual aggravation number>2 times 90.01%,Course of COPD>10 years 76.36%,no continuous care 69.09%,Malnutrition 72.73%,Lack of family support 58.18%,No home oxygen therapy 89.09%,Lack of disease awareness 80.00%,No lung rehabilitation training 78.18%,higher than 63.86%,31.33%,46.99%,42.17%,50.60%,56.63%,9.64%,30.12%,16.87%,61.44%,48.19%,40.96%in the group without depression symptoms(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors affecting depressive symptoms:course of disease>10 years(OR=5.17,95%CI:1.28-27.50),malnutrition(OR=4.73,95%CI:1.31-25.28),lack of family support(OR=3.92,95%CI:1.19-22.07),did not carry out continuous care(OR=3.43,95%CI:1.20-18.28).Conclusion The existence of a variety of factors has led to an increase in the incidence of depression symptoms of COPD.Nursing interventions should be provided to reduce the incidence of depression symptoms in accordance with the factors that cause the depression symptoms.