生态服务型经济发展:理论、模式与实践

The Development of Ecological Service-oriented Economy:Theory,Model and Practice

以政府转移支付为主的生态保护方式虽然在我国取得了一定的成效,但存在效率低、资源浪费等问题,且无法突破经济发展与生态保护的根本矛盾。生态服务型经济是平衡经济发展与生态保护的新型发展模式。在界定生态服务型经济概念的基础上,归纳了以社区为核心和以社会企业为核心的两种生态服务型经济发展模式,揭示了每种模式中参与主体的特征及各利益相关者之间的互动机制,进而利用典型案例分析两种模式的实践逻辑及其效果。根据社区不同的资源禀赋,采用与之相适应的生态服务型经济模式能够激活社区内部动力,有助于稳定、可持续地提高社区的生态效益与经济效益。推广生态服务型经济发展模式,应建立健全相关制度,加强社区示范推广,培育社区居民可持续发展的意识和发展生态服务型经济的能力,构建生态服务型经济的激励机制。

Although the mode of ecological protection based on government transfer payment has made some achievements in China,it has some problems such as low efficiency,waste of resources,etc.,and it cannot break the fundamental contradiction between economic development and ecological protection.The ecological service-oriented economy is a new development model to balance economic development and ecological protection.On the basis of defining the concept of ecological service-oriented economy,this paper sums up two kinds of ecological service-oriented economic development models with community as the core and social enterprise as the core,reveals the characteristics of participants in each model and the interaction mechanism between various stakeholders,and then uses typical cases to analyze the practical logic and effect of the two models.According to the different resource endowments of the community,the adoption of the corresponding ecological service-oriented economic model can activate the internal power of the community,and contribute to the stable and sustainable improvement of the ecological and economic benefits of the community.In order to promote the development mode of ecological service-oriented economy,we should establish and perfect relevant systems,strengthen the demonstration and promotion of community,cultivate the awareness of sustainable development of community residents and the ability to develop ecological service-oriented economy,and establish the incentive mechanism of ecological service-oriented economy.