激励响应复合材料的4D打印及其应用研究进展

Progress in 4D printing of stimulus-responsive composites and its applications

激励响应复合材料是一种智能材料,通常具有自感知、自主响应、形状记忆、自适应和自修复等特征。本文对4D打印中使用的激励响应材料进行了综述,重点介绍4D打印形状记忆复合水凝胶和形状记忆聚合物(SMP)及其复合材料的应用研究进展。最后,总结了4D打印在生物医疗和航空航天领域的应用现状,并对4D打印的未来发展趋势以及应用前景进行展望。4D打印是一项新兴制造技术,尽管目前已经出现了许多不同的打印方法、可打印智能材料和驱动方式,但是4D打印在实际工程应用中仍然面临许多挑战。新打印技术、新智能材料、新结构设计和建模软件需要发展以促进4D打印在软机器人、生物医学、航空航天和智能电子设备等领域的实际应用。

The stimulus-response composite is a kind of intelligent material,which usually possesses the characteristics of self-perception,autonomous response,shape memory,adaptive and self-healing.The stimulus-response materials used in 4D printing were reviewed in this paper,and the application research progress of 4D printed shape memory composite hydrogels and shape memory polymers(SMPs)and their composites was focused.Finally,the application status of 4D printing in the biomedical and aerospace fields was summarized,and the development trend and application prospect of 4D printing were prospected.4D printing is an emerging manufacturing technology.Although various printing methods,printable smart materials and driving methods have been developed,4D printing still faces many challenges in practical engineering applications.Novel printing technologies,smart materials,structural design and modeling software need to be developed to facilitate the practical application of 4D printing in the fields of soft robotics,biomedicine,aerospace and intelligent electronic equipment.