小麦茎基腐病和赤霉病抗源筛选及关联SNP位点分析

Screening of Germplasms Resistant to Crown Rot and Fusarium Head Blight and the Associated SNPs in Wheat

小麦茎基腐病(crown rot,CR)和赤霉病(Fusarium head blight,FHB)是由镰孢菌引起的两种主要的小麦病害。为筛选对CR和FHB的优异抗源、发掘抗病基因,从1000多个来自世界各地的小麦种质中筛选了311个核心种质,对其进行CR苗期和成株期抗性及FHB抗性鉴定和评价,并利用全基因组关联分析(GWAS)鉴定与CR和FHB抗性相关位点。结果筛选出4个种质(Cimrmanova、济南13、GHABAGHEB、秃芒麦)具有优良的CR抗性;12个种质(陇春8号、中麦175、鲁麦5号、潍麦6号、皖麦50、Reeves、石家庄8号、西农928、山麦、SAFI-1/ZEMAMRA-1、平阳181和石家庄54)具有优良的FHB抗性;5个种质(山前麦、陇春8号、内江31、聊麦16和淮麦22)对CR和FHB均表现一定的抗性,尤其是陇春8号对CR成株抗性和FHB抗性水平均达到R级,表明该种质对两种病害兼具优良抗性。通过GWAS分析发现,在1A和6B染色体上有6个SNPS与CR-SR抗性显著相关;在1A、1B、3A、3B、6A、6B和6D染色体上有15个SNPS与CR-APR抗性显著相关;在5A、7A和7B染色体上有13个SNPS与FHB抗性显著相关。本研究结果为小麦抗CR和FHB基因的定位和育种奠定了基础。

Crown rot(CR)and Fusarium head blight(FHB)are two serious diseases in wheat caused by Fusarium pathogens.In order to screen new resistant sources and new resistant genes to CR and FHB,more than 1,000 wheat germplasms were collected from all over the world,of which 311 core germplasms were selected for identification and evaluation of resistance to CR at seedling and adult stage and to FHB.The resistance related sites to CR and FHB were identified by GWAS.The results showed that four germplasms including Cimrmanova,Jinan13,GHABAGHEB and Tumangmai had resistance to CR at both seedling and adult stages.Twelve germplasms including Longchun 8,Zhongmai 175,Lumai 5,Weimai 6,Wanmai 50,Reeves,Shijiazhuang 8,Xinong 928,Shanmai,SAFI-1/ZEM AMRA-1,Pingyan 181 and Shijiazhuang 54 were resistant to FHB.Five germplasms including Shanqianmai,Longchun 8,Neijiang 31,Liaomai 16 and Huaimai 22 had resistance to the two diseases.Especially,Longchun 8 was classified as resistant(R)to CR at adult stage and FHB,indicating that it is good resistance source for the two diseases.In addition,GWAS analysis showed that six SNPs on chromosomes 1A and 6B were significantly associated with resistance to CR-SR;15 SNPs on chromosomes 1A,1B,3A,3B,6A,6B and 6D were significantly associated with resistance to CR-APR;13 SNPs on chromosomes 5A,7A and 7B were significantly associated with resistance to FHB.This study provided useful information for utilization of CR-resistant and FHB-resistant wheat germplasms and laid a foundation for CR and FHB resistance in common wheat breeding.