能量补充类运动食品的研究现状

Research status of energy supplement sports food

运动食品能够满足运动员在运动过程中的特殊营养需求,能够提高运动员的体能和体质。能量补充类运动食品是运动食品中的一类,其主要成分是糖类物质,能够快速补充运动员在运动训练中消耗的大量能量,缓解运动疲劳。不同运动类型的运动员需补充的运动食品有所不同,了解运动食品的分类以及运动食品的功能性成分,对帮助运动员选择适宜的运动产品十分重要。本文介绍了速度型运动类型、耐力型运动类型、力量型运动类型以及技巧型运动类型与运动员的营养需求的关系,运动食品的分类,糖类物质对运动的影响,肌糖原的合成与消耗,肌糖原与运动的关系,并针对能量补充剂的功能因子葡萄糖、肌酸、L-肉碱进行了介绍,为能量补充类运动食品的研发提供理论参考。

Sports food can meet the special nutritional needs of athletes in the process of sports and improve their physical fitness.Energy supplement sports food is a kind of sports food,its main component is carbohydrate,which can quickly supplement a large amount of energy consumed by athletes in sports training and alleviate sports fatigue.Athletes of different sports types need to supplement different sports food.It is very important to know the classification of sports food and the functional components of sports food to help athletes choose appropriate sports products.This paper introduced the relationship between the speed type,endurance type,strength type and skill type and the nutritional needs of athletes.It also introduced the classification of sports food,the influence of carbohydrate on sports,the synthesis and consumption of muscle glycogen,and the relationship between muscle glycogen and sports.The functional factors of energy food supplements,such as glucose,creatine and L-carnitine were introduced.It provided a theoretical reference for the research and development of energy supplement sports food.