美国智慧食品安全监管方法及启示

Approach to smarter food safety supervision in the United States and the implications to China

2019年4月,美国食品和药物管理局提出"智慧食品安全新时代"这一倡议,旨在继续实施美国《食品安全现代化法案》(FDA Food Safety Modernization Act,FSMA)科学和基于风险的要求,同时纳入新技术、工具和方法,帮助消费者更好地免受食源性疾病侵害。智慧食品安全作为一种新的食品安全方法,促进社会和商业部门使用新技术,如区块链、传感器技术、物联网和人工智能,以建立一个更数字化、可追溯和更安全的食品体系,包括依靠技术的可追溯性和对食源性疾病暴发的响应、更智能的预防工具和方法、适应新商业模式和零售现代化、食品安全文化4个方面。本文介绍了美国智慧食品安全监管方法,并通过借鉴美国今后食品安全监管思路,提出对未来我国食品安全监管的建议。

On April 2019,the United States Food and Drug Administration announced an initiative called the New Era of smarter food safety.The agency plans to incorporate the use of new technologies,tools and approaches as it continues to implement the science and risk-based requirements of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act(FSMA).As a new approach to food safety,smarter food safety will advance the use of technologies those are currently used in society and business sectors all around us,such as blockchain,sensor technology,the internet of things,and artificial intelligence,to create a more digital,traceable and safer food system.Priority areas include tech-enabled traceability and foodborne outbreak response,smarter tools and approaches for prevention,adapting to new business models and retail food safety modernization,food safety culture.This paper introduced the smart food safety supervision methods in the United States,by drawing lessons from the future food safety supervision ideas of the United States,the paper put forward suggestions on the future food safety supervision of China.