应急管理的属性适配和体系优化

Emergency Management:Attributes Adaptation and System Improvement

应急是处置突发事件,应急管理是对应急的科学管理,应急管理体系是应急管理在特定环境中的全要素和全流程的系统建构。应急管理的三种属性相应促成了三种业务模式;实践中属性若错误搭配易导致体系建构的"僵局"。因此,应急管理体系应紧扣属性适配,同步推进功能体系和价值体系的健全:在属性能够或应该区分的单属性层面,实施细分策略,通过属性甄选和适配情境,健全应急管理功能体系;在属性无法切割或应该组合的多属性层面,实施交互策略,通过属性融合和模式综合,健全应急管理价值体系。

Emergency response is dealing with emergencies while emergency management is scientific management of emergency response;and emergency management system is the systematic construction of emergency management in total factor and full flow under specific circumstances.Emergency management has three attributes which accordingly produce three models.In practice the mismatches of attributes can cause ‘deadlock’ of systematic construction such as inefficiency or mistake in dealing with public health event like a major epidemic,and even worse,the double failure of dysfunction and devaluation.Therefore,the improvement of emergency management system should focus on attributes adaptation,and establish its function system and value system simultaneously.At the single-attribute basic level where attribute can and should be distinguishable,adopt subdividing strategy by selecting the attributes and adapting the situations;at the multi-attribute complicated level where attributes can’t be divided or should be combined,adopt the interacting strategy by integrating the attributes and forming comprehensive models.